Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a versatile inorganic semiconductor compound with a wide bandgap, available in both bulk and thin-film forms for functional applications. It is widely used in optoelectronics (LEDs, photodetectors), transparent conductive coatings, varistors for surge protection, and as a functional filler in rubber and ceramics; engineers select ZnO when combining electrical/optical functionality with thermal stability and low-cost manufacturability is critical. Its hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure and moderate mechanical stiffness make it suitable for piezoelectric applications and structural ceramics, while its transparency to visible light and tunable conductivity (through doping) enable its use in displays and energy harvesting devices.
Compliance & Regulations
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K)3 entries | 129.6 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 129.6 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 137.3 | GPa | — | ||
Elastic Compliance Tensor(Sij) | Matrix (redacted) | 1/GPa | — | ||
Elastic Anisotropy(AU) | 0.1324 | - | — | ||
Elastic Stiffness Tensor(Cij) | Matrix (redacted) | Pa | — | ||
Poisson's Ratio(ν)2 entries | 0.3565 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 0.3600 | - | — | ||
Shear Modulus(G)3 entries | 41.16 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 41.16 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 41.36 | GPa | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thermal Conductivity(k)2 entries | 64.50 | W/(m·K) | — | ||
| ↳ | 7.333 | W/(m·K) | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(ρ) | 5.522 | kg/m³ | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg)2 entries | 3.440 | eV | — | ||
| ↳ | 0.9650 | eV | — | ||
Dielectric Constant (Relative Permittivity)(εr)3 entries | 11.35 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 11.43 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 9.459 range 6.812–12.11median of 2 measurements | - | — | ||
Electronic Dielectric Tensor(ε∞) | Matrix (redacted) | - | — | ||
Total Dielectric Tensor(ε) | Matrix (redacted) | - | — | ||
Electrical Conductivity(σ) | 11.79 | S/cm | 427°C | ||
Electrical Resistivity(ρe) | 0.000848 | Ω·m | 427°C | ||
Magnetic Moment(μB) | 0.000 | µB | — | ||
Piezoelectric Modulus(eij)2 entries | 0.3787 | C/m² | — | ||
| ↳ | 0.7875 | C/m² | — | ||
Piezoelectric Stress Tensor(eij) | Matrix (redacted) | C/m² | — | ||
Thermoelectric Power Factor(PF) | 0.0000301 | W/(m·K²) | 427°C | ||
Seebeck Coefficient(S)2 entries | -159.9 | μV/K | 427°C | ||
| ↳ | -65.14 | µV/K | — | ||
Thermoelectric Figure of Merit(zT) | 0.000 | - | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Above Hull(ΔEhull) | 0.000 | eV/atom | — | ||
Formation Energy(ΔHf)2 entries | -1.816 | eV/atom | — | ||
| ↳ | -1.592 | eV/atom | — |