Ti-6Al-4V (L-PBF, annealed 740 °C)

Ti-6Al-4V printed by laser powder bed fusion and annealed at 740 °C is the alpha-beta titanium alloy in a stress-relieved condition. As built, rapid cooling gives a fine martensitic alpha-prime structure in columnar prior-beta grains, with high residual stress, build-direction anisotropy and a rough surface. Annealing relieves most of the stress and decomposes the martensite into alpha plus beta, which usually improves ductility at some cost in strength. It does not close pores or smooth the surface, so hot isostatic pressing and machining remain common for fatigue-critical parts. Typical uses are aerospace brackets, medical devices and lightweight industrial hardware.