Thulium (Tm) is a rare-earth lanthanide metal with a silvery appearance and moderately high density. It is primarily used in specialized optical, medical, and nuclear applications where its unique magnetic and spectroscopic properties provide advantages over more common metals. Thulium is notably employed in portable X-ray devices, fiber optic amplifiers for telecommunications, and as a dopant in solid-state lasers, making it essential for niche high-technology sectors despite its scarcity and cost.
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| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K) | 47.57 | GPa | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
Poisson's Ratio(ν) | 0.2400 | - | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
Shear Modulus(G) | 30.32 | GPa | DFT · OptB88vdW |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(ρ) | 9.544 | kg/m³ | DFT · OptB88vdW |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg)2 entries | 0.000 | eV | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 0.000 | eV | DFT · TBmBJ | ||
Magnetic Moment(μB) | 0.000 | µB | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
Thermoelectric Power Factor(PF)2 entries | 0.00101 | W/(m·K²) | DFT · OptB88vdW · n-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
| ↳ | 0.000942 | W/(m·K²) | DFT · OptB88vdW · p-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
Seebeck Coefficient(S)2 entries | 6.133 | μV/K | DFT · OptB88vdW · n-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
| ↳ | 5.643 | μV/K | DFT · OptB88vdW · p-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Above Hull(ΔEhull) | 0.000 | eV/atom | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
Formation Energy(ΔHf) | 0.000 | eV/atom | DFT · OptB88vdW |
Reference data from cited sources. Not verified or certified by MatWorld Inc. Verify against the source before use in design. Terms: engineering data