K₂O (potassium oxide) is an inorganic ceramic compound and a basic oxide that serves primarily as a precursor and constituent in glass and ceramic formulations rather than as a standalone structural material. It is widely employed in glass manufacturing, particularly in soda-lime-silicate and borosilicate glass production, where it acts as a flux to lower melting temperatures and improve workability. K₂O is also used in ceramic glazes, refractories, and specialty materials such as potassium silicate coatings; engineers select it for applications requiring controlled glass transition behavior, chemical durability, or thermal stability in high-temperature environments.
Compliance & Regulations
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K)3 entries | 3,954.3 | ksi | — | ||
| ↳ | 3,932.9 | ksi | — | ||
| ↳ | 3,918.9 | ksi | — | ||
Elastic Compliance Tensor(Sij) | Matrix (redacted) | 1/GPa | — | ||
Elastic Anisotropy(AU) | 2.333 | - | — | ||
Elastic Stiffness Tensor(Cij) | Matrix (redacted) | ksi | — | ||
Poisson's Ratio(ν)2 entries | 0.3040 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 0.2900 | - | — | ||
Shear Modulus(G)3 entries | 1,783.1 | ksi | — | ||
| ↳ | 1,787.3 | ksi | — | ||
| ↳ | 1,820.2 | ksi | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(ρ) | 0.08710 | lb/in³ | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg) | 2.106 | eV | — | ||
Dielectric Constant (Relative Permittivity)(εr)3 entries | 9.240 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 10.16 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 5.974 range 3.192–8.756median of 2 measurements | - | — | ||
Electronic Dielectric Tensor(ε∞) | Matrix (redacted) | - | — | ||
Total Dielectric Tensor(ε) | Matrix (redacted) | - | — | ||
Magnetic Moment(μB) | 0.000 | µB | — | ||
Piezoelectric Modulus(eij)2 entries | 1.028 | C/m² | — | ||
| ↳ | 0.04704 | C/m² | — | ||
Piezoelectric Stress Tensor(eij) | Matrix (redacted) | C/m² | — | ||
Seebeck Coefficient(S) | -100.3 | µV/K | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Above Hull(ΔEhull) | 0.06060 | eV/atom | — | ||
Formation Energy(ΔHf)2 entries | -1.255 | eV/atom | — | ||
| ↳ | -1.197 | eV/atom | — |