HfSnPd is an intermetallic ceramic compound combining hafnium, tin, and palladium—a high-density material belonging to the family of refractory intermetallics being explored for extreme-environment applications. While primarily a research material rather than an established commercial compound, this composition targets aerospace and high-temperature structural applications where conventional ceramics and superalloys reach performance limits. The material's appeal lies in combining the thermal stability of hafnium-based systems with potential improvements in damage tolerance and workability offered by palladium and tin additions, positioning it as a candidate for next-generation propulsion systems and thermal protection where weight, strength, and oxidation resistance must coexist.
Compliance & Regulations
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K)3 entries | 17,757.5 | ksi | DFT | ||
| ↳ | 18,492.3 | ksi | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 17,757.5 | ksi | DFT · PBE | ||
Elastic Compliance Tensor(Sij) | Matrix (redacted) | 1/GPa | DFT · PBE | ||
Elastic Anisotropy(AU) | 0.1799 | - | DFT · PBE | ||
Elastic Stiffness Tensor(Cij) | Matrix (redacted) | ksi | DFT · PBE | ||
Poisson's Ratio(ν)2 entries | 0.3100 | - | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 0.2965 | - | DFT · PBE | ||
Shear Modulus(G)3 entries | 8,362.1 | ksi | DFT | ||
| ↳ | 8,302 | ksi | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 8,362.1 | ksi | DFT · PBE |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(ρ) | 0.3789 | lb/in³ | DFT · OptB88vdW |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg)2 entries | 0.4090 | eV | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 0.3850 | eV | DFT · TBmBJ | ||
Dielectric Constant (Relative Permittivity)(εr)3 entries | 24.09 | - | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 23.92 | - | DFT · PBE | ||
| ↳ | 21.31 range 19.29–23.33median of 2 measurements | - | DFT · PBEsol | ||
High-Frequency Dielectric Constant (ε∞)(ε∞)2 entries | 20.89 | - | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 19.56 | - | DFT · TBmBJ | ||
Electronic Dielectric Tensor(ε∞) | Matrix (redacted) | - | DFT · PBE | ||
Total Dielectric Tensor(ε) | Matrix (redacted) | - | DFT · PBE | ||
Electron Effective Mass(m*e) | 0.1400 | me | DFT · OptB88vdW · 27°C | ||
Hole Effective Mass(m*h) | 0.1500 | me | DFT · OptB88vdW · 27°C | ||
Magnetic Moment(μB) | 0.000 | µB | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
Piezoelectric Modulus(eij)2 entries | 0.01371 | C/m² | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 0.03896 | C/m² | DFT · PBE | ||
Piezoelectric Stress Tensor(eij) | Matrix (redacted) | C/m² | DFT · PBE | ||
Thermoelectric Power Factor(PF)2 entries | 0.00285 | W/(m·K²) | DFT · OptB88vdW · n-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
| ↳ | 0.00312 | W/(m·K²) | DFT · OptB88vdW · p-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
Seebeck Coefficient(S)2 entries | -245 | μV/K | DFT · OptB88vdW · n-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
| ↳ | 290.2 | μV/K | DFT · OptB88vdW · p-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
Spectroscopic Limited Maximum Efficiency (SLME)(SLME) | 9.260 | % | DFT · TBmBJ |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Above Hull(ΔEhull) | 0.000 | eV/atom | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
Formation Energy(ΔHf)2 entries | -0.7008 | eV/atom | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | -0.7089 | eV/atom | Measured |
Reference data from cited sources. Not verified or certified by MatWorld Inc. Verify against the source before use in design. Terms: engineering data