Iron (Fe) is a transition metal and the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, serving as the foundational element in steels and cast irons—the most widely used structural metals in engineering. It is valued for its high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent workability, and low cost, making it the default choice for structural applications across virtually every industry. Iron's versatility stems from its ability to form alloys with carbon and other elements, enabling engineers to tailor properties for everything from soft, ductile applications to hard, wear-resistant components.
Compliance & Regulations
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K)2 entries | 182.5 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 201.4 | GPa | — | ||
Elastic Compliance Tensor(Sij) | Matrix (redacted) | 1/GPa | — | ||
Elastic Anisotropy(AU) | 0.6096 | - | — | ||
Elastic Stiffness Tensor(Cij) | Matrix (redacted) | Pa | — | ||
Poisson's Ratio(ν)2 entries | 0.3222 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | -0.03000 | - | — | ||
Shear Modulus(G)2 entries | 73.61 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 25.42 | GPa | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(ρ) | 8.224 | kg/m³ | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg) | 0.000 | eV | — | ||
Magnetic Moment(μB) | 2.172 | µB | — | ||
Seebeck Coefficient(S) | 4.790 | µV/K | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Above Hull(ΔEhull) | 0.000 | eV/atom | — | ||
Formation Energy(ΔHf) | 0.00854 | eV/atom | — |