Barium is a soft, silvery-white alkaline earth metal with relatively low density and moderate stiffness. Industrial applications are limited for barium metal itself; instead, barium is primarily valued in compound forms (barium oxide, barium sulfate, barium carbonate) where it serves as a critical additive in ceramics, glass, pigments, and drilling fluids. Engineers select barium compounds for their ability to increase refractive index and opacity, provide X-ray shielding, or modify material properties in specialized coatings and composites.
Compliance & Regulations
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K)2 entries | 1,431.5 | ksi | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 1,284.6 | ksi | DFT · PBE | ||
Elastic Compliance Tensor(Sij) | Matrix (redacted) | 1/GPa | DFT · PBE | ||
Elastic Anisotropy(AU) | 3.051 | - | DFT · PBE | ||
Elastic Stiffness Tensor(Cij) | Matrix (redacted) | ksi | DFT · PBE | ||
Poisson's Ratio(ν)2 entries | 0.2300 | - | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 0.2343 | - | DFT · PBE | ||
Shear Modulus(G)2 entries | 1,093.6 | ksi | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 829.5 | ksi | DFT · PBE |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(ρ) | 0.1387 | lb/in³ | DFT · OptB88vdW |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg)2 entries | 0.000 | eV | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
| ↳ | 0.000 | eV | DFT · TBmBJ | ||
Magnetic Moment(μB) | 0.000 | µB | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
Thermoelectric Power Factor(PF)2 entries | 0.000418 | W/(m·K²) | DFT · OptB88vdW · n-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
| ↳ | 0.000415 | W/(m·K²) | DFT · OptB88vdW · p-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
Seebeck Coefficient(S)2 entries | 14.41 | μV/K | DFT · OptB88vdW · n-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C | ||
| ↳ | 14.29 | μV/K | DFT · OptB88vdW · p-type · 1e20 cm⁻³ · 327°C |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Above Hull(ΔEhull) | 0.000 | eV/atom | DFT · OptB88vdW | ||
Formation Energy(ΔHf) | 0.000 | eV/atom | DFT · OptB88vdW |
Reference data from cited sources. Not verified or certified by MatWorld Inc. Verify against the source before use in design. Terms: engineering data