24,657 materials
Mg(FeS₂)₂ is a magnesium iron disulfide compound that combines a lightweight magnesium matrix with iron pyrite (FeS₂) phases. This is a research-stage composite material, not yet widely established in commercial engineering applications, but represents exploration in lightweight metal-matrix composites for applications requiring reduced weight and potentially enhanced wear or thermal properties.
MgGaAg₂ is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, gallium, and silver, belonging to the family of lightweight metallic compounds with potential for specialized engineering applications. This material is primarily of research and development interest rather than established production use, with investigation focused on its potential in lightweight structural applications or electronic/thermal management systems where the combination of magnesium's low density with gallium and silver's electrical and thermal properties may offer advantages. Engineers would consider this compound for niche applications requiring custom alloy development, though established magnesium alloys or other intermetallic compounds typically serve as baseline alternatives until specific performance benefits justify adoption.
MgGaAu is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, gallium, and gold, representing a specialized metal alloy in the Mg-based system. This material is primarily of research and development interest rather than established industrial production, with potential applications in electronic devices, semiconductor contacts, and specialized high-performance systems where the unique combination of lightweight magnesium with the conductive and corrosion-resistant properties of gold and gallium offers potential advantages.
MgGaAu₂ is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, gallium, and gold in a fixed stoichiometric ratio. This is a research-phase material studied for its potential in specialized applications where the unique combination of light magnesium with noble and semi-metallic elements offers properties unavailable in conventional alloys. The compound belongs to the broader family of ternary intermetallics, which are of interest in thermoelectric devices, electronic materials, and high-performance aerospace applications where custom phase chemistry can be engineered for specific property combinations.
MgGaCu3Se4 is a quaternary semiconductor compound combining magnesium, gallium, copper, and selenium elements. This material belongs to the family of chalcogenide semiconductors and is primarily investigated in research contexts for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications due to its tunable bandgap and potential for efficient light absorption. While not yet established in mainstream commercial production, compounds in this class are of interest to engineers developing next-generation solar cells, photodetectors, and other light-harvesting devices as alternatives to conventional binary and ternary semiconductors.
MgGaMoS4 is a quaternary chalcogenide compound combining magnesium, gallium, molybdenum, and sulfur—a material family primarily explored in solid-state physics and materials research rather than established industrial production. This compound belongs to the thiospinel or related sulfide structures, positioning it within the broader class of semiconducting and photovoltaic materials being investigated for next-generation optoelectronic and energy conversion applications. As a research-phase material, MgGaMoS4 is notable for its potential in thin-film photovoltaics, photoelectrochemical water splitting, and other light-driven processes where its electronic band structure and sulfide chemistry may offer advantages over conventional alternatives.
MgGaNi2 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, gallium, and nickel, representing a rare ternary metal system with potential for specialized structural or functional applications. This material remains primarily in the research domain, with limited established industrial use; interest centers on its potential as a lightweight intermetallic for high-temperature or electronic applications, building on known properties of binary Mg–Ni and Ga–Ni systems. Engineers would consider this compound where conventional lightweight alloys fall short in specific thermal, electrical, or catalytic roles, though its scarcity and uncertain processing characteristics make it suitable only for performance-critical applications where development timelines and costs are justified.
MgGaPt₂ is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, gallium, and platinum—a ternary metal system that combines lightweight magnesium with the high-density, corrosion-resistant properties of platinum and gallium's semiconductor characteristics. This is primarily a research and exploratory material rather than an established industrial product; compounds in this family are investigated for applications requiring unusual combinations of mechanical stiffness, thermal stability, and chemical inertness, particularly in high-performance aerospace and electronic device research contexts.
MgGeAu is a ternary intermetallic compound combining magnesium, germanium, and gold. This is an experimental research material rather than an established commercial alloy; it belongs to the family of lightweight intermetallic compounds that researchers investigate for potential structural or functional applications where the combination of a light metal (Mg) with heavier elements (Ge, Au) might offer unusual properties.
MgInAg₂ is an intermetallic compound composed of magnesium, indium, and silver, belonging to the family of lightweight metallic materials with potential for advanced applications. This ternary alloy system remains largely in the research phase, with interest driven by the possibility of combining magnesium's light weight with the electrical and thermal properties contributed by indium and silver. Engineers would evaluate this material primarily in exploratory projects seeking novel combinations of density, conductivity, or phase-stability characteristics not readily available in conventional binary or established ternary alloys.
MgInAu is a ternary intermetallic compound combining magnesium, indium, and gold. This is a research-phase material rather than a widely commercialized alloy; it belongs to the family of lightweight intermetallic compounds that researchers explore for applications requiring unusual combinations of properties such as low density with metallic bonding characteristics. The specific phase chemistry and potential strengthening mechanisms make it of interest in materials science research contexts, though industrial adoption remains limited pending further characterization and process development.
MgInCu4 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, indium, and copper in a 1:1:4 stoichiometric ratio. This is a research-phase material within the broader family of magnesium-based intermetallics, not yet widely adopted in commercial applications. Interest in this composition likely stems from potential combinations of lightweight character (magnesium base) with modified mechanical or thermal properties from copper and indium additions, though it remains primarily in materials science investigation rather than established engineering use.
MgInMoS₄ is a quaternary metal chalcogenide compound combining magnesium, indium, molybdenum, and sulfur—a material family that sits at the intersection of metallurgy and semiconductor chemistry. This is primarily a research-stage compound of interest in photocatalysis, energy storage, and optoelectronic device development, where the layered sulfide structure and mixed-metal composition offer tunable electronic properties. Engineers exploring next-generation catalysts for water splitting, photoelectrochemical cells, or thin-film device architectures would evaluate this compound against more established alternatives like MoS₂ or CdS, particularly when multi-metal synergy and cost reduction (via Mg substitution) are design goals.
MgInNi is a ternary intermetallic compound combining magnesium, indium, and nickel. This material belongs to the family of lightweight metallic intermetallics and is primarily of research interest for hydrogen storage applications, leveraging the hydrogen absorption capacity of magnesium-based compounds. Engineers and materials scientists study this alloy for energy storage systems and fuel cell technologies where reversible hydrogen uptake is critical, though it remains largely experimental outside specialized research environments.
MgInNi2 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, indium, and nickel, representing a research-phase material in the broader family of ternary metal systems with potential for hydrogen storage and energy applications. While not yet in widespread commercial production, materials in this chemical family are investigated for advanced catalytic properties, energy conversion devices, and hydrogen-based energy storage systems where lightweight metallic compounds with specific electronic properties are advantageous.
MgMn2AlAu4 is a quaternary intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, aluminum, and gold—a complex metal alloy system not yet established in commercial production. This is primarily a research material under investigation for its potential in applications requiring high stiffness combined with low weight, though practical industrial use remains limited and the material is not widely adopted outside experimental programs.
MgMn2Be is an experimental intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and beryllium—a rare combination not widely commercialized in standard engineering applications. This material belongs to the family of lightweight intermetallics being explored for extreme-environment and high-performance applications where conventional alloys fall short. Research interest in this system stems from the potential to leverage magnesium's low density with manganese's strengthening effects and beryllium's exceptional stiffness, though processing challenges and beryllium's toxicity limit practical deployment.
MgMn2N2 is an intermetallic nitride compound combining magnesium and manganese, representing an emerging class of lightweight metal-nitrogen materials under investigation for advanced structural and functional applications. This material belongs to the family of transition metal nitrides, which are primarily in research and development phases rather than established in high-volume production, with potential interest for applications requiring combinations of low density, hardness, and thermal stability. The compound's viability compared to conventional alloys depends on achieving cost-effective synthesis and demonstrating reproducible performance in target engineering environments.
MgMn2S4 is an experimental ternary sulfide compound combining magnesium and manganese, belonging to the metal sulfide family of materials under active research. While not yet established in mainstream industrial production, materials in this compound class are investigated for applications requiring mixed-valence metal chemistry and potential electrochemical properties, particularly in energy storage and catalysis research contexts.
MgMn₃Te₄ is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and tellurium—a material class that bridges metallics and semiconductors with potential thermoelectric or magnetic functionality. This compound remains primarily in research and development stages; it is not yet established in mainstream industrial production, but belongs to a family of ternary metal tellurides being investigated for energy conversion and solid-state electronic applications where density and electronic properties can be precisely engineered through composition control.
MgMn4S8 is an experimental magnesium-manganese sulfide compound that belongs to the thiospinel family of materials. This research-phase material is being investigated for its potential electronic and magnetic properties, which differ significantly from conventional magnesium alloys; it represents an alternative approach to developing lightweight multifunctional materials beyond traditional metallurgical systems. While not yet established in mainstream engineering applications, this compound class is of interest to researchers exploring advanced energy storage, magnetic devices, and next-generation semiconductor applications where the combination of light weight with unique electronic behavior could offer advantages over conventional metallic or ceramic alternatives.
MgMn5N4 is a magnesium-manganese nitride compound belonging to the metal nitride family, representing an emerging intermetallic material system under investigation for advanced engineering applications. This material combines the lightweight character of magnesium with manganese's strengthening and functional properties, positioning it as a research candidate for applications requiring reduced weight without sacrificing mechanical performance or functional properties like magnetic or catalytic behavior. The compound remains largely in the research and development phase, with potential across sectors seeking high-performance lightweight alternatives to conventional alloys.
MgMn6Ge6 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and germanium, representing an experimental material in the broader class of ternary metal systems. This composition falls within research into lightweight intermetallic phases, which are investigated for potential structural and functional applications where conventional alloys reach performance limits. The material's relevance remains primarily in the materials science research domain rather than established industrial production, making it most relevant to engineers developing advanced alloys or investigating novel phase compositions for emerging applications.
MgMnAlS4 is a quaternary intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, aluminum, and sulfur—a research-phase material exploring the intersection of lightweight metals and sulfide chemistry. This compound belongs to an emerging family of multinary metal sulfides being investigated for potential applications requiring combinations of low density, thermal stability, and electrochemical properties not readily available in conventional alloys or ceramics. While not yet established in high-volume industrial production, materials in this class are of interest for next-generation energy storage, catalysis, and structural applications where experimental compositions may offer advantages over traditional Mg alloys or Al-based intermetallics.
MgMnAs is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and arsenic. This material belongs to the family of ternary metal compounds and is primarily of research interest rather than established in high-volume industrial production. It is investigated for potential applications in semiconductor, photovoltaic, and magnetic materials research, where the combination of these elements may offer unique electronic or magnetic properties distinct from binary alloys or conventional metallic systems.
MgMnBe is a ternary magnesium alloy combining magnesium, manganese, and beryllium. This material represents a research-focused composition in the magnesium alloy family, designed to explore property combinations that leverage beryllium's strengthening effects while maintaining magnesium's lightweight characteristics; such alloys are typically investigated for aerospace and high-performance applications where weight reduction and strength are critical, though commercial adoption remains limited due to beryllium's toxicity concerns and manufacturing complexity.
MgMnBe2 is an experimental magnesium-based alloy containing manganese and beryllium additions, representing research into lightweight metallic systems for advanced applications. This ternary composition belongs to the family of magnesium alloys, which are studied for aerospace and structural applications where weight reduction is critical; the beryllium addition is notable as it can influence strengthening mechanisms and thermal properties, though beryllium-containing alloys require careful handling due to toxicity concerns in processing. The specific combination suggests potential interest in high-stiffness, low-density structures, though practical industrial adoption would depend on manufacturability, cost, and regulatory considerations around beryllium use.
MgMnCrS4 is a quaternary metal sulfide compound combining magnesium, manganese, chromium, and sulfur. This is a research-phase material within the metal chalcogenide family, investigated primarily for its potential electronic and catalytic properties rather than for structural engineering applications. The combination of transition metals (Mn, Cr) with sulfur suggests potential applications in electrochemistry, photocatalysis, or as a semiconductor, though industrial adoption remains limited and material behavior is not yet standardized.
MgMnF is a magnesium-manganese fluoride compound that represents an emerging material within the magnesium alloy family, likely explored for lightweight applications and functional material research. This material exists primarily in experimental and research contexts rather than established industrial production, with potential applications in energy storage systems, aerospace weight reduction, or advanced functional materials where the combined properties of magnesium's low density and manganese/fluoride contributions are leveraged. Engineers would consider this material primarily for prototype development or specialized applications requiring novel property combinations not achievable with conventional alloys.
MgMnF2 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and fluorine, belonging to the family of metal fluorides with potential applications in advanced materials research. This compound has been investigated primarily in academic and laboratory settings for its electrochemical and structural properties, particularly in energy storage and solid-state ionic conductor applications. It represents an emerging material class rather than an established industrial standard, with research focused on understanding its behavior in battery electrolytes, thermal management systems, and specialty structural applications where combined lightness and ionic conductivity are advantageous.
MgMnF3 is a magnesium-manganese fluoride compound belonging to the perovskite-type metal fluoride family, typically studied as an experimental functional material rather than a conventional structural alloy. This compound is primarily investigated in research contexts for solid-state applications including ion conductivity, magnetic properties, and electrochemical energy storage, where the combination of light magnesium with manganese's redox activity offers potential advantages in lithium-ion or fluoride-ion battery systems. Engineers considering this material should recognize it as a developmental compound whose viability depends on specific performance requirements in emerging technologies rather than as an off-the-shelf engineering material.
MgMnF4 is an intermetallic or ionic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and fluorine—a research-phase material not yet widely commercialized. While the material family shows promise for applications requiring lightweight multifunctional properties, MgMnF4 remains primarily studied in academic and laboratory settings for potential use in energy storage, magnetic applications, or advanced ceramic composites where the combined effects of manganese and fluorine chemistry could offer benefits over conventional alloys.
MgMnF₅ is a magnesium-manganese fluoride compound representing an emerging class of multivalent fluoride materials under active research. While not yet established in mainstream engineering applications, compounds in this family are being investigated for energy storage and electrochemical device applications due to their potential for enhanced ion transport and structural stability compared to conventional single-cation fluorides.
MgMnF6 is a magnesium-manganese fluoride compound belonging to the metal fluoride family, potentially useful as a functional material in specialized applications requiring fluoride-containing phases. This material is primarily of research interest rather than established industrial production, with potential applications in optical coatings, battery electrolytes, or catalytic systems where magnesium-manganese interactions and fluoride chemistry offer advantages over conventional alternatives. Its selection would be driven by specific electrochemical or optical requirements where the Mg-Mn-F ternary system provides properties unavailable in simpler binary compounds.
MgMnGe is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and germanium—a research-phase material rather than an established commercial alloy. This ternary system belongs to the family of lightweight metallic compounds and is primarily of interest in materials science research for exploring novel mechanical properties and potential high-temperature or structural applications where density and stiffness need optimization.
MgMnIr2 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and iridium. This is a research-phase material studied primarily in academic and advanced materials laboratories rather than established industrial production. The material's high density and multi-component composition suggest potential applications in specialized high-performance environments where the unique combination of these elements—particularly iridium's corrosion resistance and thermal stability paired with magnesium's low density—could offer advantages over conventional alloys, though practical engineering adoption remains limited pending further development and cost reduction.
MgMnMoS4 is a quaternary sulfide compound containing magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, and sulfur, representing an experimental material in the metal chalcogenide family rather than a conventional metallic alloy. This composition combines properties of interest for electrochemical and catalytic applications, where molybdenum sulfides are known for activity and manganese provides tunable redox chemistry. As a research-phase material, it is primarily explored in academic and developmental contexts for energy storage and catalysis rather than established industrial production.
MgMnN2 is an intermetallic nitride compound combining magnesium and manganese with nitrogen, belonging to the family of transition metal nitrides. This is primarily a research material under investigation for potential structural and functional applications, rather than an established commercial material. The compound is of interest to materials scientists exploring lightweight, high-strength nitride systems and magnetic materials, though industrial deployment remains limited pending further development and characterization.
MgMnN3 is a ternary nitride compound combining magnesium, manganese, and nitrogen. This material belongs to the family of metal nitrides and remains primarily a research-phase compound with limited commercial deployment; it is studied for potential applications in hard coatings, high-temperature ceramics, and advanced functional materials where the combination of light weight (from Mg) and transition-metal hardening (from Mn) could offer advantages.
MgMnPd2 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and palladium. This is a research-phase material rather than a commercial alloy; compounds in this family are studied for potential applications requiring specific combinations of magnetic, electronic, or catalytic properties that cannot be achieved with conventional binary or ternary alloys. Intermetallics like MgMnPd2 are of interest to materials scientists exploring advanced functional materials, though engineering adoption remains limited pending demonstrations of reliable synthesis, thermal stability, and reproducible performance at scale.
MgMnPt2 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and platinum in a 1:1:2 stoichiometric ratio. This is a research-phase material studied primarily for its potential in high-temperature structural applications and magnetic or electronic applications where the platinum content may provide enhanced performance. The compound belongs to the family of ternary intermetallics, which are typically explored for specialty aerospace, catalytic, or energy storage applications where conventional alloys reach performance limits.
MgMnRh2 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and rhodium, belonging to the family of ternary metallic systems. This material exists primarily in research and exploratory metallurgy contexts rather than established commercial production, with interest driven by potential applications requiring combinations of light weight, thermal stability, and catalytic or electronic properties typical of rhodium-containing phases.
MgMnTe2 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and tellurium, belonging to the family of ternary metal tellurides. This material exists primarily in research and experimental contexts rather than established industrial production, with potential applications in semiconductor physics, thermoelectric devices, and solid-state electronics where its specific electronic band structure and thermal properties may offer advantages in specialized devices.
MgMnTe4 is a quaternary intermetallic compound combining magnesium, manganese, and tellurium in a stoichiometric ratio. This is a research-phase material primarily explored in solid-state physics and materials science literature rather than established industrial production. The compound belongs to the family of ternary and quaternary metal tellurides, which are investigated for potential semiconductor, thermoelectric, or photonic applications where the combination of light metals with transition metals and chalcogens creates unusual electronic or thermal transport properties.
MgMnVS4 is a quaternary metal sulfide compound containing magnesium, manganese, and vanadium. This is a research-phase material rather than an established engineering material, likely being investigated for its electronic and electrochemical properties within the broader family of transition metal sulfides. The combination of manganese and vanadium suggests potential interest in energy storage applications, catalysis, or other functional material uses where multivalent transition metals provide electrochemical activity.
MgMo is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium and molybdenum, representing a relatively niche metal system in materials research. This material is primarily explored in research and development contexts for lightweight structural applications where the low density characteristic of magnesium is combined with molybdenum's high melting point and strength contributions. Industrial adoption remains limited, but the MgMo system is of interest in aerospace and high-temperature applications where conventional magnesium alloys fall short in thermal stability.
MgMo2As is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, molybdenum, and arsenic. This material belongs to the family of ternary intermetallics and remains primarily in the research and development phase, with limited industrial deployment. It is of interest to materials scientists investigating high-density metallic systems with potential applications in extreme environments or specialized electronic/structural applications where the unique combination of these elements offers performance advantages over conventional alloys.
MgMo6Se8 is a ternary compound combining magnesium with molybdenum selenide, belonging to the Chevrel phase family of layered chalcogenides. This material is primarily investigated in research contexts for its potential superconducting and electrochemical properties, rather than established industrial production. Its appeal lies in tunable electronic behavior and promise for energy storage and quantum device applications where conventional metals or semiconductors prove inadequate.
MgMoAs is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, molybdenum, and arsenic, representing an experimental or specialized metal alloy outside mainstream industrial production. This ternary system belongs to research-phase materials being investigated for potential applications in high-temperature or advanced functional applications, though commercial deployment remains limited. The compound's practical engineering relevance depends on context-specific requirements such as thermal stability, electrical properties, or catalytic behavior, making it primarily of interest to materials researchers rather than general engineering practice.
MgMoF₃ is a magnesium molybdenum fluoride compound—a ternary metal fluoride that belongs to the family of functional ceramics and intermetallic compounds. This material is primarily of research interest rather than established in mainstream industrial production; it is investigated for applications requiring high chemical stability, thermal properties, and specific electrical or optical characteristics inherent to metal fluoride systems. The magnesium-molybdenum combination offers potential for advanced applications in catalysis, solid-state chemistry, and specialized functional ceramics where fluoride chemistry provides advantages in corrosion resistance or thermal management.
MgMoF5 is a magnesium molybdenum fluoride compound belonging to the metal fluoride family, which includes materials studied for their electrochemical and structural properties. This compound is primarily of research interest in materials science rather than established industrial production, with potential applications in electrochemistry, solid-state chemistry, and advanced ceramic systems where fluoride-based materials offer unique ionic conductivity or chemical stability characteristics.
MgMoF6 is an inorganic metal fluoride compound combining magnesium and molybdenum in a hexafluoride structure. This material belongs to the family of metal fluorides and is primarily of research interest rather than established industrial production, with potential applications in advanced functional materials where fluoride coordination chemistry and metal-oxide systems converge.
MgMoN is a ternary nitride compound combining magnesium, molybdenum, and nitrogen, belonging to the family of refractory metal nitrides. This material is primarily of research and developmental interest, explored for applications requiring high hardness, thermal stability, and wear resistance in demanding environments. Its potential lies in protective coatings, cutting tool applications, and high-temperature structural components where conventional alloys reach their performance limits.
MgMoN₂ is an experimental ternary nitride compound combining magnesium, molybdenum, and nitrogen—a research material being investigated for potential structural and functional applications where high stiffness and moderate density are advantageous. This material family remains largely in the laboratory phase, with interest driven by the possibility of combining molybdenum's hardness and refractory properties with magnesium's lightweight character and nitrogen's strengthening effects. Engineers would consider this compound primarily in advanced materials research contexts where novel properties or manufacturing routes could provide advantages over conventional alloys or ceramics.
MgMoN₃ is a ternary nitride ceramic compound combining magnesium, molybdenum, and nitrogen, belonging to the class of refractory transition metal nitrides. This material is primarily of research and development interest, investigated for potential applications requiring high hardness, thermal stability, and wear resistance in extreme environments; the molybdenum-nitride family has shown promise as an alternative to conventional hard coatings and as a precursor compound for advanced ceramic and composite systems.
MgMoWS4 is a quaternary compound combining magnesium with molybdenum, tungsten, and sulfur elements, representing a mixed-metal sulfide material class. This composition belongs to the family of layered transition metal dichalcogenides and complex sulfides, which are primarily of research interest for their potential in catalysis, energy storage, and semiconductor applications rather than established industrial production. The material's multi-metal sulfide structure offers potential advantages in electrocatalytic processes and as alternatives to rare-earth or single-metal catalysts, though practical engineering adoption remains limited pending further development and characterization.
MgNb is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium and niobium, representing a lightweight metal system with potential for high-temperature applications. This material exists primarily in research and development contexts rather than established industrial production, with interest centered on aerospace and structural applications where the combination of low density with refractory metal properties could offer weight savings and elevated temperature performance compared to conventional magnesium alloys.
MgNb2 is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium and niobium, belonging to the family of lightweight refractory metals and their compounds. This material is primarily of research and development interest rather than established industrial production, with potential applications in high-temperature structural applications where low density combined with thermal stability is valued. The niobium content provides refractory properties (high melting point) while the magnesium base offers lightweight characteristics, making it relevant for aerospace and defense contexts seeking alternatives to conventional superalloys.
MgNb₃ is an intermetallic compound in the magnesium-niobium system, representing a hard, brittle phase that forms at specific stoichiometric ratios. This material is primarily of research and academic interest rather than established commercial use, with potential applications in high-temperature or wear-resistant contexts where the magnesium-niobium family's properties could be leveraged.
MgNbAs is an intermetallic compound combining magnesium, niobium, and arsenic in a metal matrix. This is a research-phase material within the broader family of ternary intermetallics; such compounds are investigated for potential applications requiring specific combinations of light weight, high-temperature stability, or electronic properties, though industrial deployment remains limited. Engineers typically encounter materials in this class during exploratory development of advanced aerospace alloys, electronic components, or specialty applications where conventional binary alloys fall short.