Tungsten is a refractory transition metal prized for its extreme hardness, highest melting point of any element, and exceptional density. It is widely used in high-temperature structural applications, radiation shielding, electrical contacts, and cutting tools where thermal stability and wear resistance are critical performance drivers. Engineers select tungsten when operating conditions exceed the capabilities of steel or nickel alloys, or when density and radiation absorption are primary design constraints.
Compliance & Regulations
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K)2 entries | 303.9 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 305.2 | GPa | — | ||
Elastic Compliance Tensor(Sij) | Matrix (redacted) | 1/GPa | — | ||
Elastic Anisotropy(AU) | 0.00748 | - | — | ||
Elastic Stiffness Tensor(Cij) | Matrix (redacted) | Pa | — | ||
Poisson's Ratio(ν)2 entries | 0.2914 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 0.3000 | - | — | ||
Shear Modulus(G)2 entries | 147.3 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 143.5 | GPa | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(ρ) | 18.90 | kg/m³ | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg) | 0.000 | eV | — | ||
Magnetic Moment(μB) | 0.000 | µB | — | ||
Seebeck Coefficient(S) | -5.950 | µV/K | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Above Hull(ΔEhull) | 0.000 | eV/atom | — | ||
Formation Energy(ΔHf) | 0.000 | eV/atom | — |