Titanium dioxide (TiO₂), commonly known as titania, is a wide-bandgap semiconductor ceramic material available in multiple crystal phases (anatase, rutile, and brookite) with distinct electronic properties. It is widely deployed in photocatalytic applications, solar cells, and UV-protective coatings across industries ranging from cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to environmental remediation and energy. TiO₂ is valued for its photocatalytic activity under UV and visible light, chemical stability, non-toxicity, and abundance, making it a preferred choice for self-cleaning surfaces, water purification, and emerging perovskite solar architectures where traditional silicon alternatives face limitations.
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| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K) | 99.46 | GPa | — | ||
Shear Modulus(G) | 65.19 | GPa | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg) | 2.331 | eV | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Formation Energy(ΔHf) | -3.063 | eV/atom | — |