Thorium (Th) is a naturally occurring radioactive metal belonging to the actinide series, characterized by its high density and moderate stiffness. Historically used in aerospace, nuclear fuel, and high-temperature applications, thorium offers superior creep resistance and thermal stability compared to many conventional metals. Its use has declined due to regulatory restrictions on radioactive materials, but it remains relevant in specialized contexts such as refractory tungsten alloys, legacy turbine engines, and emerging thorium-based nuclear fuel cycles where proliferation-resistant fuel is a design requirement.
Compliance & Regulations
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K) | 57.50 | GPa | — | ||
Poisson's Ratio(ν) | 0.2600 | - | — | ||
Shear Modulus(G) | 36.78 | GPa | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(ρ) | 11.70 | kg/m³ | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg) | 0.000 | eV | — | ||
Magnetic Moment(μB) | 0.000 | µB | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Above Hull(ΔEhull) | 0.000 | eV/atom | — | ||
Formation Energy(ΔHf) | 0.000 | eV/atom | — |