Barium titanate (BaTiO₃) is a ceramic perovskite compound that functions as a ferroelectric semiconductor, exhibiting strong spontaneous polarization and high dielectric permittivity. It is widely used in capacitors, actuators, and piezoelectric devices across consumer electronics, automotive, and industrial control systems, where its ability to generate mechanical deformation under electric field or electrical response under mechanical stress is exploited. Engineers select BaTiO₃ for applications requiring compact energy storage, precise positioning, or electromechanical conversion where its ferroelectric and piezoelectric response outperforms conventional ceramics.
Compliance & Regulations
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulk Modulus(K)3 entries | 163.2 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 105.5 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 38.89 | GPa | — | ||
Elastic Compliance Tensor(Sij) | Matrix (redacted) | 1/GPa | — | ||
Elastic Anisotropy(AU) | 0.1073 | - | — | ||
Elastic Stiffness Tensor(Cij) | Matrix (redacted) | Pa | — | ||
Poisson's Ratio(ν)2 entries | 0.2316 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 0.2200 | - | — | ||
Shear Modulus(G)3 entries | 106.7 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 69.29 | GPa | — | ||
| ↳ | 11.87 | GPa | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(ρ) | 3.654 | kg/m³ | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Band Gap(Eg)4 entries | 3.100 | eV | — | ||
| ↳ | 1.680 | eV | — | ||
| ↳ | 4.000 | eV | — | ||
| ↳ | 0.2940 | eV | — | ||
Dielectric Constant (Relative Permittivity)(εr)3 entries | 7.870 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 22.41 | - | — | ||
| ↳ | 29.39 range 5.928–52.85median of 2 measurements | - | — | ||
Electronic Dielectric Tensor(ε∞) | Matrix (redacted) | - | — | ||
Total Dielectric Tensor(ε) | Matrix (redacted) | - | — | ||
Magnetic Moment(μB)3 entries | 0.000 | μB | — | ||
| ↳ | -0.0000681 | μB | — | ||
| ↳ | 0.000 | µB | — | ||
Piezoelectric Modulus(eij)2 entries | 0.3710 | C/m² | — | ||
| ↳ | 3.468 range 3.448–3.487median of 2 measurements | C/m² | — | ||
Piezoelectric Stress Tensor(eij) | Matrix (redacted) | C/m² | — | ||
Seebeck Coefficient(S) | -214.3 | µV/K | — |
| Property | Value | Unit | Conditions | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Above Hull(ΔEhull) | 0.8648 | eV/atom | — | ||
Formation Energy(ΔHf)4 entries | -3.288 | eV/atom | — | ||
| ↳ | -0.2600 | eV/atom | — | ||
| ↳ | -3.415 | eV/atom | — | ||
| ↳ | -2.506 | eV/atom | — |